Xanthelasma are pale or yellowish deposits that appear around the eyelids. They contain cholesterol and other fats and are generally considered a cosmetic issue. The deposits form when immune cells accumulate lipids in the skin near the eyes.
- Heart attack in the first year: 1.0% of people with xanthelasma versus 0.35% of controls.
- Stroke in the first year: 0.95% versus 0.30%.
- TIA (transient ischemic attack) in the first year: 0.60% versus 0.19%.
The authors also tracked outcomes at five and ten years and found that the increased incidence among people with xanthelasma persisted over those longer periods.
Why researchers looked at xanthelasma
Fatty deposits in arteries (atherosclerosis) are central to heart attack and stroke risk. Because xanthelasma are visible fatty deposits in skin, researchers investigated whether their presence might correlate with cardiovascular disease. The study found the link persisted even among people without diagnosed hyperlipidemia (elevated blood fats), suggesting the eyelid deposits could identify risk that routine lipid testing misses.
What the findings mean for patients
Xanthelasma does not mean someone currently has heart disease, nor does it mean a heart attack or stroke is imminent. The study shows an association, not proof that the eyelid deposits cause cardiovascular events.
- If you or a family member has yellowish eyelid patches, mention them to your clinician during routine visits.
- The presence of xanthelasma can be a cue to review traditional cardiovascular risk factors: blood pressure, smoking status, cholesterol levels, diabetes status, weight and family history.
- A clinician may decide to monitor risk factors more closely or order additional testing based on the overall risk picture.
Yellowish eyelid patches called xanthelasma are mostly cosmetic, but a substantial 2026 dataset linked them with higher rates of heart attack, stroke and TIA over 1, 5 and 10 years. They are worth telling your doctor about so they can assess cardiovascular risk factors and decide whether closer monitoring or preventive measures are needed.