Reason iconReasonSep 23, 2026 ~6 min source read

Three Washington Decisions That Helped Make Donald Trump

Anthony Scaramucci tells Reason three policy choices—trade liberalization with China, prolonged Middle East wars, and the 2008 financial bailout—that helped produce the economic and political conditions Trump mobilized.

Three Mistakes That Made Donald Trump

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Useful takeaways from this story.

Trade liberalization with China accelerated manufacturing decline for some workers and contributed to long-term income divergence between college- and non-college-educated Americans.

Post‑9/11 wars and tax cuts widened federal deficits and eroded public trust in government, changing voters’ attitudes toward elites and institutions.

The 2008 bailout’s perceived tilt toward financial institutions over ordinary people deepened resentment and fueled populist movements that Trump later tapped.

The useful part

Three mistakes that made Donald Trump President Donald Trump rose to power by talking to desperate, distrustful, and angry Americans. In an interview with Reason, Anthony Scaramucci provides three critical mistakes that led to this atmosphere. Trump currently holds some of the lowest approval ratings ever for a president prior to a midterm election, with 39.5 percent approval, according to RealClearPolitics.

How it works

  • Trump's 2016 victory is that he captured a traditionally Democratic base of rural and industrial workers.
  • Scaramucci characterizes this base as "once aspirational white blue-collar workers, now feeling economically desperational.
  • Whether or not China's globalization is to blame, the data are clear on one thing:
  • Non-college-educated workers have seen their incomes mostly stagnate, while college-educated workers have seen their wealth spike.
  • On the campaign trail, he explicitly railed against the Iraq War, blamed Wall Street for inequality, and showed up in the Rust Belt states.

What to take from it

"This anger-based populism is not solving the problems," Scaramucci says. A Gallup poll in February 1999 reported that 71 percent of the country was satisfied with "the way things [were] going in the U.S.," but that number has been declining for most of the last 25 years. Scaramucci cites the Clinton administration's decision in 2000 to reduce tariff barriers with China as a major cause of this swing.

Example or evidence

  • Employment in the manufacturing sector had been declining for decades before China's globalization, peaking in 1979.
  • Though increased competition with Chinese industry did further parts of this decline, it also radically reduced the cost of goods for American consumers.
  • have generally been growing since the '70s, the benefits of this growth have not been evenly distributed.
  • Misguided Wars in the Middle East There was a brief window in the 1990s when it seemed like America had it all figured out.

Details worth keeping

Trump is unpopular, and American politics are unpopular. There is a deep sense in this nation that things aren't working. In an appearance on The Reason Interview With Nick Gillespie, financier and former White House Communications Director Anthony Scaramucci—who infamously served for just 11 days during Trump's first term—proposes some answers for how we got here and where the country could go next.

Related coverage

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  • Medium: Every President has weaknesses. After all, they're human. But when the weaknesses come at the worst possible time, look out. Continue reading on For the Common Good »
  • Goodmenproject: Can political power overcome reality? Explore how science, law, and geopolitics shape the limits of Donald Trump's leadership.

More context around this story.

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